The impact of land use change on the evolution of ecological profit and loss under multi-scenario simulation in Chaoyang was explored to provide a reference for the land space planning and ecological environment protection of the Northeast agro-pastoral ecotone. [Methods] Based on the land use data of Chaoyang in 2000, 2010 and 2020, the Markov-PLUS model and ecological footprint model were used to analyze and predict the evolution characteristics of the past-future land use structure and ecological profit and loss of Chaoyang under four scenarios from 2000 to 2030. On this basis, the response relationship of ecological profit and loss to land use change were explored by ecological elasticity model. [Results] (1) The land use change in Chaoyang from 2000 to 2020 was quite drastic. Cultivated land and grassland were the main types of land use, accounting for more than 80% of the total land area. (2) From 2000 to 2020, Chaoyang changed from ecological deficit to ecological surplus, with an overall increment of 273.07×104hm2, showing a spatial distribution pattern of high in the west and low in the east. The rapid increase of ecological carrying capacity of grassland, forest land and water area is the main reason for the increase of ecological surplus in Chaoyang. (3) Under four scenarios from 2020 to 2030, the ecological surplus of Chaoyang increased significantly, with ecological priority (99.66×104hm2)> cultivated land protection (98.93×104hm2)> natural development (98.02×104hm2)> urban development (97.87×104hm2). The high value area of ecological surplus migrated and expanded from west to east, while the low value area was concentrated in the urban center. (4) The ecological profit and loss of Chaoyang is elastic to land use change, and the ecological elasticity coefficient shows an increasing trend.[Conclusion] Land use change is an important reason affecting ecological profit and loss. Optimizing land use structure can improve regional ecological environment.