To understand the match between supply and demand of ecosystem services, the spatial and temporal trends of supply and demand and their influencing factors. Using water production services in Shanxi Province as an entry point, and based on physical geography and social statistical data for 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020, used geostatistical analysis and InVEST model to analyze the spatio-temporal changes characteristics of supply and demand. The results showed that: (1) In terms of the spatiotemporal patterns supply and demand for water production services in Shanxi Province showed an increasing trend over the 30-year period. The southeast region of Shanxi (Jinzhong, Changzhi and Jincheng cities) was the main supply area for water production services, while the areas with high demand for water production services were mainly the urban areas of Taiyuan, Datong, Changzhi and Yangquan. (2) In terms of matching the supply and demand of water production services, the area of regions undersupplied with water production services increased sharply from 1.82% to 16.80% in 1990 to 2000, while it decreased sharply from 16.95% to 5.34% in 2010 to 2020, with the spatial matching of supply and demand improving. (3) Through spatial autocorrelation analysis, there was an obvious spatial mismatch between the supply and demand of water production services in Shanxi Province. The research results provide theoretical support for comprehensively sorting out the supply and demand characteristics of ecosystem services in Shanxi Province.