Taking the spruce-fir forest fire sites on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as the research object, the samples were collected from the burned sites. Ubed unburned natural forests in August 2020 and July-August 2021 based on the typical sampling method and indoor immersion method. Litter samples were measured and analyzed for indicators such as storage volume, water holding capacity, and effective storage capacity, to explore the hydrological effects of litter at different slope positions under the disturbance of forest fires, and to provide a basis for better-promoting forest water conservation and soil and water conservation functions. The results show that: (1) During the vegetation restoration process, the thickness and accumulation of litter increased, with the longer restoration years, and the thickness was 3.75~8.31 cm, and the accumulation iss 6.16~8.13 t/hm². The more thickness and volume of litter on the above-up-slope, mid-slope, and down-slope in the recovery 5 and 15 years fire sites were significantly different from those in the natural forest. (2) The maximum water-holding capacity of litter is 20.94~26.22 t/hm², and the difference between the maximum water-holding capacity of the litter in the 5 and 15 years of recovery and the natural forest reaches a significant level. Before the water-holding capacity of the litter reaches saturation, the water-holding capacity of the litter at each slope position has a logarithmic function relationship with the water immersion time, and the water absorption rate has a power function relationship with the water immersion time under different recovery years. (3) The effective storage capacity of litter is 14.58~16.95 t/hm², and the effective storage depth is 1.44~1.78 mm. The effective interception of litter in the restored 5 years burmed are shows the order of mid-slope > up-slope > down-slope, and the effective intercepted amount of the restored 15-year-burned area and the natural forest is down-slope > mid-slope > up-slope. To sum up, in the process of vegetation restoration, the thickness, volume and water-holding capacity of litter improved with the increase of the restoration period, showing that natural forest > restoration 15 years > restoration 5 years; The water performance and water holding process showed that the middle and lower slopes were larger than the upper slopes, that is, the hydrological effect of the litter was affected by the slope position and the disturbance of fire.