Based on daily meteorological data from 14 national meteorological stations inside and outside the Jinghe River Basin from 1971 to 2019, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration indicators (SPEI) were obtained using the precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data at different time scales. Through the inverse distance weighted interpolation (IDW) and Mann-Kendall trends Test, Morlet wavelet analysis and other methods, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of drought in the Jinghe River Basin were analyzed. The results showed that in the past 50 years, the Jinghe River Basin was generally arid, but the drought degree had been reduced. The seasons drought events occurred possibly was autumn>spring>summer>winter. The annual drought had an abrupt change in 2011, while the spring, autumn and winter droughts mutated significantly respectively in 1994, 2010, and 1996 (P<0.05). The number of persistent drought events spanning summer and autumn occurred the most, and the probability of persistent drought events in autumn was the greatest. These findings are of great significance for the early warning of drought resistance and agricultural development in the Jinghe River basin.