The aim of this study was to quantitative analyze the effect of influence factors on particulate organic carbon in soil water-stable aggregates (POC_agg) with different vegetation recovery patterns in degraded red soil area. It could provide theoretical basis for ecosystem reconstruction and soil quality improvement in degraded red soil area. The vegetation restoration and reconstruction base in Taihe County, Jiangxi Province was selected to explore the POC_agg variation, establish the correlation of POC_agg and other physicochemical properties. The research object included six vegetation restoration patterns which were Pinus massoniana Lamb. pure forest (PM), Pinus elliottii pure forest (PE), Schima superba Gardn. et Champ. pure forest (SS), Pinus massoniana replanting Schima superba (RMS), Pinuse lliottii replanting Schima superba (RES) and virgin mixed forest of Pinus elliottii replanting Schima superba (MES). The results showed that:(1) The degraded soil was mainly of water-stable macro-aggregate (>0.25 mm, accounting for 87%). The contents of macro-aggregates in SS and RMS were the lowest. POC_agg in the surface soil (0—10 cm) was most significantly affected by the recovery patterns (P<0.01), which was the highest (14.44 g/kg) in topsoil of PE. (2) The soil physical and chemical properties showed significant differences due to the recovery patterns, among which the contents of organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were the highest in the topsoil of RES, SS and PE, respectively. (3) The aggregate composition in artificial coniferous pure forest had the greatest influence on POC_agg. The grey correlation analysis showed that aggregate composition, SOM and TN were the important factors influencing POC_agg (P<0.01), and the correlation increased significantly in deeper soil layer (P<0.01). Path analysis showed that the direct and indirect effects of each factor on POC in micro-aggregates (<0.25 mm) were significant. TN in <0.053 mm aggregates had the greatest effects on POC_agg. SS could significantly improve soil structure and fertility, and PE had higher retention capacity for soil nutrients, especially POC_agg. Combined with the practice of ecological restoration in degraded red soil area, it should improve soil properties better by planting PE as a pioneer and then replanting SS in the tending process.