To provide reasonable scientific basis and control reference for soil erosion conservation in Pakistan, soil erosion map was made, and the dominant factors of soil erosion was analyzed. Based on the Chinese Soil Loss Equation (CSLE), taking soil erosion sampling survey units and soil erosion factor datasets such as rainfall erosivity factor (R factor), soil erodibility factor (K factor), slope steepness and slope length factor (LS factor), biological measure factor (B factor), engineering-control practices factor (E factor), and tillage practices factor (T factor) as data sources, spatial interpolation and map algebra method were used to make soil erosion maps for water erosion area, the spatial interpolation result was then used as a reference to update the map algebra calculation result with histogram matching to obtain the Pakistan water erosion rate map. The standards for classification and gradation of soil erosion (SL 190—2007) proposed by the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China was adopted for qualitative evaluation the wind erosion intensity in Pakistan. Meanwhile, classification decision tree was used to analyze the dominant influence factors of soil erosion. The results showed that the spatial interpolation method has good accuracy of spatial prediction while the map algebra method can express good local variation characteristics. The soil erosion map matched by histogram had the advantages of the two methods. Average value of soil water erosion rate was 972.9 t/(km²·a), and the grade of soil erosion was serious. The wind erosion area was dominated by severe and extremely strong wind erosion. Biological measures factor was the dominant influence factor for soil erosion in most areas, while the R factor and LS factor were the dominant influence factors in agricultural area and mountainous area respectively.