In the field experiment, Salicornia bigelovii Torr. and Suaeda salsa Linn. were irrigated with seawater irrigation (control), 1:1 mariculture wastewater (1:1 mariculture wastewater treatment), whole mariculture wastewater (whole mariculture wastewater treatment) and normal fertilizer application with seawater (fertilizer treatment), and the plant growth and physiological characteristics were studied. The results showed that (1) Compared with the control, 1:1 mariculture wastewater irrigation increased aboveground dry weights (DW) of two plants, however whole mariculture wastewater irrigation decreased the aboveground dry weights. DW of plants in fertilizer treatment was obviously more than those in the other treatments and control. The above growth effects became more obvious with the extension of plant growth period, especially in S. salsa plants. (2) Compared with fertilizer treatment, mariculture wastewater irrigation decreased growth of the two plants and reduced contents of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), chlorophyll (CHL) and soluble protein (SP) in the plant aboveground parts, and decreased more obviously with the increasing of the ratio of mariculture wastewater. However, the relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased with the increasing of the proportion of mariculture wastewater, and the increase of S. salsa was more obviously. (3) Treatment of 1:1 mariculture wastewater irrigation increased plant DW and CHL content, NP content of aboveground plant, and increased the activities of antioxidase, endopeptidase, carboxypeptidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as peroxidase (POD) and contents of SP and free amino acid (FAA) in different degrees. Moreover, with the increasing of the proportion of mariculture wastewater, the above indicators of the two plants decreased in various degrees. To sum up, 1:1 mariculture wastewater treatment could effectively promote chlorophyll synthesis in two plants, increase activities of SOD and POD, reduce MDA accumulation, reduce cell membrane damage, accelerate plant growth and increase NP uptake. The physiological response of S. vsalsa to the concentration of mariculture wastewater was more sensitive than that of S. bigelovii. The application of 1:1 aquaculture wastewater could largely replace the application of fertilizers, thereby reducing environmental pollution.