In order to investigate the mechanism of non-homogeneous soil air permeability in reconstruction soil and provide a theoretical basis for further studies of the characteristics of complex heterogeneous soil, the effects of coal gangue composition and topsoil texture on air permeability of reconstruction soil were studied. The coal gangue was mixed with different particle size gravel to change its composition, the soils were reconstructed by using three different soils in the soil column, and the air permeability was measured by one-dimensional transient method. The results showed that the influence of particle size and mass fraction of different gravel on saturated mass water content of mixed matrix was different. The saturated mass water content was increased gradually from 7.29% to 12.9% with 2~5 mm particle size gravel increasing. The saturated mass water content was increased first and then decreased with the mass fraction increasing of 5~10 mm particle size gravel, which were 7.28%, 8.5% and 6.9% respectively. The air permeability of coal gangue was much larger than that of soil, and the sensitivity of coal gangue to mass water content was increased with the mass water content increasing, while the sensitivity of soil was decreased with the mass water content increasing. The presence of gravel created an advantage for the formation of large pores and reduced the soil ventilation section to block the air transmission channel. The air permeability of reconstruction soil was influenced by topsoil texture and bottom filling matrix. The air permeability of reconstruction soil depended on topsoil permeability, and the air permeability of bottom filling matrix determined the influence coefficient of filling matrix on the air permeability of reconstructed soil (S_ka). S_ka had a significant correlation with the filling matrix permeability, which could be fitted by an exponential function (R²=0.93). The air permeability of reconstructed soil could be estimated by topsoil and filling matrix air permeability, which simplified the air permeability determination process of reconstruction soil.