Nine kinds of organic materials from three categories, including poultry excrement, natural organic material, and organic fertilizer were studied in a field trial. This research studied on the effects of different kinds of organic materials on variation characteristics in soil nutrients and biological traits following main cropping and continuous cropping. The results indicated that the application of organic materials apparently increased soil nutrient contents and improved soil biological properties. Soil pH values of the main cropping and continuous cropping were 5.70-6.00 and 5.50-5.90, respectively, with pH values being increased by the application of organic materials. Poultry excrement significantly increased available potassium content by 12.73% and 17.09% in the soil of the main cropping and continuous cropping of soybean, repectively; pig manure increased soil respiration by 11.30%. Chicken manure increased microbial biomass nitrogen in the soil of continuous cropping by 13.85%. Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in the soil was significantly increased, i.e. by 6.31% and 3.30%, respectively, by the application of natural organic materials for both the main cropping and continuous cropping. Available phosphorus content in the soil was increased by the application of organic fertilizer by 2.13% and 2.27%, respectively; organic matter content was increased by 1.98% and 4.20%. Chicken manure fertilizer increased soil microbial biomass carbon for the main cropping by 3.45%. All fields treated with organic materials had better soil nutrient and biological traits compared with the control, indicating that the application of organic materials can increase nutrient contents in soybean soil and improve its nutrient properties.