毛乌素沙地砒砂岩固沙机理研究
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S157.1

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国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目(201411008)


Study on Sand-fixing Mechanism by Feldspathic Sandstone in Mu Us Sand Land
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    摘要:

    为探索毛乌素沙地砒砂岩与沙混合后的固沙机理,采用实验、模拟与野外观测相结合的方法,对砒砂岩与沙混合后的质地、持水保水性、土壤结皮方面进行了分析。结果表明:(1)砒砂岩与沙粒度分布范围分别为0.317~709.0 μm和0.564~2 000.0 μm,二者混合可扩大沙的粒径组成,有效改善了沙土的质地,提高地表粗糙度;(2)从含水量下降随时间变化来看,沙的含水量快速降低,54 h内可从15.90%降低到3.26%,而砒砂岩、砒砂岩与沙的混合物含水量分别为21.39%和15.87%,水分下降速率慢,且砒砂岩的毛管孔隙度高于沙,混合后提高了沙的孔隙度,降低了饱和导水率,提高了沙的保水性能;(3)在水的作用下,砒砂岩与沙混合后能够快速形成表层物理结皮,而无水状态下则极难形成。不同比例的混合方式对结皮形成的厚度有显著的影响,沙地结皮的形成有效防止了沙丘流动和扬沙的发生,达到了固沙的效果。

    Abstract:

    This study was aimed to explore the sand-fixing mechanism of the mixing soil with Feldspathic Sandstone and Sand in the Mu Us Sand Land. This paper analyzed the texture of Feldspathic Sandstone and Sand, holding water retention, soil crusts and freeze cap using combination technical methods of experiment, simulation and field observation. The results showed that: (1) sandstone and sand distribution ranges were 0.317~709.0 μm and 0.564~2 000.0 μm respectively, when mixed, that could expand the sand composition, improve the texture of sand and surface roughness;(2) The moisture content of the sand reduced rapidly when it changed over the time, it could be reduced from 15.90% to 3.26% within 54 h, and the moisture content of the Feldspathic Sandstone, mixture with Feldspathic Sandstone and Sand were 21.39% and 15.87%, the rate of moisture content declined slowly. The capillary porosity of Feldspathic Sandstone was higher than it of sand. When the Feldspathic Sandstone and sand were mixed, they could improve porosity of sand and reduce the saturated hydraulic conductivity. So, the Feldspathic Sandstone improved water retention properties of sand;(3)Under the action of water, it formed physics crust on the surface quickly after the Feldspathic Sandstone and sand mixed, but it was difficult to form at the anhydrous state. There was significant effect on the thickness of crust formation at the different ways of mixing proportions crust formation. The formation of sandy crust effectively prevented the occurrence of sand dunes and sand flow, so it achieved the role of sand fixing.

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程 杰, 韩霁昌, 王欢元, 张 扬, 张卫华, 陈科皓.毛乌素沙地砒砂岩固沙机理研究[J].水土保持学报,2016,(5):124~127

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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-10-31
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