By the method of artificial rainfall in hall, analysed the difference of effects on runoff and sediment reduction between Quercus variabilis with litter layer and no litter layer under different slope gradients and rainfall intensity conditions. The results showed that: (1) Compared to the slope with Quercus variabilis alone, The undergrowth litter of Quercus variabilis can effectively reduce the runoff on the slope,and the effect of runoff reduction was best under 60mm/h rainfall intensity and slope of 10°, up to 25%. (2)The undergrowth litter of Quercus variabilis significantly improved the sediment reduction efficiency and the efficiency was highest under 90mm/h rainfall intensity and slope of 10°, up to 125%. (3) The time of the slope initial runoff generation was delayed and the speed of runoff was reduced with the existence of litter layer, the litter can also reduce the total runoff yield(6.60-28.17%)and sediment yield(11.08-65.08%) . (4)Litter layer has a better effect on reducing sediment than reducing runoff．