The Tuojiang River, running through Sichuan Basin as a key tributary to the Yangtze River, characterizes dominant in purple soil distributions. However, over-population and irrational land uses result in serious degradation of purple soil. So as to evaluate the tensity of degradation and scavenge for productivity improvement, this study focused on surveying the soil organic carbon storage and distribution within different land uses in the Tuojiang River basin. The results showed that significant differences can be analyzed among soil organic carbon contents of forestland, orchard, vegetable garden, maize field and grass slope, which were measured as 13. 876, 9. 655, 9,261, 6. 134 g/kg and 7. 968 g/kg, respectively. The dissolved organic soil carbon content also embodies the same changing trend. In different sections of the Tuojiang River basin, soil carbon content is significantly higher than those in the lower reaches, but complicate changes can be investigated between the middle and the lower reaches. A general tendency is that organic soil carbon content in the upper reaches is higher than those in the lower reaches, and that those in the middle reaches is the lowest in amount.