Soil erosion and agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the key eco-environment problems for uplands agriculture in the Three Gorges Region.Biological methods,characterized by little cost,easy for operation,and effective quickly,should be suggested to alleviate the eco-environment problem.Substitute crop of perennial alfalfa and Contour Hedgerow Technology were tested in this research on the effect of reducing soil,nitrogen and phosphorus losses from upland of purple soil.Five treatment plots were set up,and the runoff,sediment,nitrogen and phosphorus losses through sediment by each rainfall event were monitored for each plot from January 19,2002 to November 27,2004.The treatments are perennial alfalfa,ryegrass rotates with soybean,wheat rotates with peanut and Toona sinensis Roem contour hedgerow,wheat rotates with peanut and alfalfa contour hedgerow,and wheat rotates with peanut.The research showed that annually 68.00%~81.80% of the regional precipitation distributed from April to September,and most of the soil erosion,nitrogen and phosphorus losses occured at this period.Substitute perennial alfalfa and contour hedgerow technology are effective in reducing soil erosion and sedimentary nitrogen and phosphorus losses.