The concept and significance of the soil loss tolerance has been reviewed firstly, and then the shortcoming of the loss tolerance criteria being used in the black soil region of northeast China has been pointed out. In referencing to the experience in the world, the soil-forming process, the type and intension of soil loss and the depth of soil are the primary factors to constitute the loss tolerance criteria in the black soil region of northeast China, and especially, the high-point of soil loss control at present and a period of time in the future has been used as a most important factor for loss tolerance criteria constitution. Comprehensive analyzing the investigation result of soil and water conservation practice at 72 small watersheds in the black soil region of northeast China, the criteria of soil loss tolerance and soil loss control has been constituted for the primary soil erosion typical areas.