Based on the analysis of district soil and water loss influence factors, the index system of soil and water loss sensitivity evaluation was established. By means of the function of spatial analysis of GIS, the spatial dis- tribute of different grade on realistic sensitivity and potential sensitivity to soil and water loss in Shaanxi province were identified. The result of potential sensitivity indicates that tioy-less sensitive region took up 75. 77% of the total area of the province, the sensitive region 20. 41 %, and the more-most sensitive region 3. 82%. The district separate regulation of sensitivity is very obviously , and the affect factors were not same alike. The result of realistic sensitivity shows that tioy-less sensitive region took up 61. 65%,the sensitive region increased obviously, which cover 34. 15% of the total study area, more-most sensitive area also increased ) which cover 4. 2% of the total study area. The difference between realistic sensitivity and potential sensitivity was compared in this study, due to the nature factors was not easi1y control, increasing vegetation cover to control the soil and water loss has special important meaning.