The ecological environment of dry-hot valley in Jinsha River, where landslide and debris flow mountain hazards have frequently occurred, and with heavy soil and water loss, is very fragile. In this paper, the vegetation rehabilitation techniques and ecological effects in the Xiaojiang Basin are studied. Based on different site conditions and plants biological characteristics, seven rehabilitation measures are set up in the dry-hot valley. The results of ecological effects, which are studied by artificial rainfall and contrasting method, indicated that: the vegetation e- cological effects are very good in staying water and soil and improving soil infiltration function. In bare land, bare trees and herbs land, shrubs and herbs land, the time of bringing surface runoff is 31, 34, 75 min after artificial rainfall respectively, and the time of stable surface runoff ratio is 61, 79, 150 min respectively. The ration of stable runoff is 6. 20, 3. 04, 0. 64 L/ min respectively. The average ratio of sediment is 6. 8, 4. 2, 2. 0 g/L respectively.