Abstract:Global warming has increased the frequency and intensity of cold waves,which changes soil respiration and its components,but studies on the effects of warming and cold waves on soil respiration and its components in subtropical forests are still scarce.Soil respiration was separated by trench method,and the effects of warming on total soil respiration,root respiration and microbial respiration in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved natural forest during a cold wave were studied by using a soil respiration high-frequency automated observation system.The results showed that:(1) When the cold wave occurred,total soil respiration rate was decreased significantly by 45.93% and 25.68%,and the soil microbial respiration rate was decreased significantly by 51.25% and 35.54% in the control and warming treatments during the cold wave,respectively.However,the cold wave did not affect the root respiration rate in the warming treatment,while the root respiration rate in the control treatment was significantly decreased by 39.72% during the cold wave.(2) Soil warming changed diel patterns of total soil respiration and root respiration during the observation period,with the warming causing the daily peak of total soil respiration and root respiration to occur 1 and 2 h earlier,but the daily peaks of total soil respiration and root respiration were synchronized between the control and warming treatments when the cold wave occurred.(3) The temperature sensitivity (Q10) of total soil respiration,root respiration and microbial respiration was reduced after soil warming during the observation period,respectively,while the Q10 of root respiration was higher than that of microbial respiration.Thus,to accurately understand the changes of total soil respiration,root respiration and microbial respiration and their response to soil warming under extreme weather such as a cold wave is important to improve the prediction accuracy of soil carbon emissions after climate warming.