Taking four grassland types in five forest areas in the Habahe region of the Altai Mountains as the research object, the change characteristics of species diversity of each grassland type in the five forest areas in Habahe region were analyzed. The regression analysis, correlation analysis, and VOR index were used to explore the influencing factors of species composition and diversity of different grassland types, and to evaluate the health status of their grassland ecosystems. The results showed that: (1) Among the different grassland types, the community similarity coefficient between desert steppe and mountain meadow steppe and mountain meadow steppe ranged from 0 to 0.25, and the heterogeneity was the large. The similarity coefficient between mountain steppe and mountain meadow steppe ranges from 0.50 to 0.75, with the small heterogeneity. (2) Among the four grassland types, the R² between the Margalef index, Simpson index, and Shannon-Wiener index of each grassland type was less than 0.75, and the quadratic term fitting showed a large difference, and the coverage and biomass were extremely significant correlated (p<0.01). (3) The relationship between altitude and biomass was poor, and R² was less than 0.40. Only the altitude and biomass of mountain meadow were significantly correlated (p<0.01), and the rest were not correlated. (4) Overall, the biomass of the five forest areas in September was less than that in June, but the biomass of the mountain steppe and the mountain meadow steppe in the Baihaba forest area in June was less than that in September, and the biomass of the desert steppe in the Hujierte forest area in June was less than that in September. (5) The average biomass of the five forest areas was fitted with the VOR index, and R² ranged from 0.118 to 0.712. The health level of grassland ecosystem in 5 forest areas was Naren (0.914) > Baihaba (0.863) > Tielieke (0.848) > Hujierte (0.845) > Qibaqilieke (0.827). The results provide an important basis for understanding the health status of grassland ecosystem in the Habahe region, and are of great significance for understanding the spatial distribution pattern and rational utilization of different grassland resources in the Habahe region of the Altai Mountains.