Dicranopteris dichotoma is the pioneer plant that invaded the degraded bare land of red soil, and its invasion process is of great significance to the change of soil environment in the process of ecological restoration of degraded land. Therefore, taking the eroded bare land of red soil in Changting County of Fujian Province as the research object, the soil physical and chemical properties, bacterial composition and diversity in the invasion and non- invasion areas of D. dichotoma were analyzed and determined. The results showed that the invasion of D. dichotoma significantly increased soil maximum water holding capacity, soil moisture, pH and the content of total carbon, total nitrogen, total potassium and organic matter, and significantly decreased soil bulk density (p<0.05). Compared with the non-invasion area, 14 dominant soil bacteria such as Rhizobiale and Bradyrhizobium added in the invasion area of D. dichotoma, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria significantly increased (p<0.05), but the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and AD3 significantly decreased (p<0.05). The main functions of these soil bacteria were chemoheterotrophy, aerobic heterotrophy and cellulolysis. The invasion of D. dichotoma into bare land significantly increased the diversity of soil bacterial community structure (p<0.05). There were significant differences in soil bacterial community structure between invasion and non- invasion areas (p<0.05). The main influencing factors of soil bacterial community structure were soil moisture content, total carbon, organic matter, soil bulk density and pH. These influencing factors were positively correlated with Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiae and Alphaproteobacteria. In summary, D. dichotoma invasion could significantly improve soil physical and chemical properties, improve soil bacterial community composition, increase soil bacterial community diversity and dominant flora, and have a positive effect on soil bacterial community.