Based on the field experiment, the effects of irrigation water salinity and irrigation amount on soil water and salt distribution and spring maize yield were explored. Taking spring maize in Hetao Irrigation District as the research object, two irrigation waters (1.1, 5.0 g/L) and three irrigation amounts (210, 255, 300 mm) were set up for field experiments. The results showed that at maturity, the average water content and soil conductivity of 0-100 cm soil layer under 5 g/L brackish water irrigation were significantly higher than those under groundwater irrigation. In groundwater irrigation, with the increase of irrigation amounts, the decreasing trend of soil average water content in growth period decreased, and the leaching effect of soil salt was more obvious. In brackish water irrigation, when the amount of irrigation was small, the surface accumulation of soil salt appeared. With the increase of irrigation amounts, the salt content of surface soil decreased, and more salt accumulated in the deep soil. After irrigation, the surface soil water content changed obviously and there was a phenomenon of salt return, and the horizontal movement of soil water and the accumulation of deepsoil salt were more obvious in brackish water irrigation. In groundwater and brackish water irrigation, the increase of irrigation could significantly improve the yield of maize, but there was no significant difference between 255 mm and 300 mm treatments. Compared with groundwater irrigation, brackish water irrigation significantly reduced the yield of spring maize. In conclusion, under the conditions of groundwater and brackish water irrigation, 255 mm irrigation water could not only be suitable for the growth of spring maize, but also ensure the yield. It could be used as a better irrigation quota and meet the requirements of ensuring crop production and saving fresh water resources in the irrigation area.