北京土石山区坡面土壤水分动态及其对微地形的响应
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梁潇瑜(1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail:liangxiaoyu855@126.com

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S157.1

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第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目(2019QZKK0608);国家自然科学基金项目(42177319)


Soil Water Dynamic on Slope and Its Response to Microtopography in Beijing Rocky Mountainous Area
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    摘要:

    为了探讨不同微地形下坡面土壤水分的时空分布及其变异规律,以北京土石山区人工林坡面为研究对象,在40 m×50 m坡面共布设30个土壤水分观测点,分10 cm间隔观测,观测深度为50~70 cm。2015年4—10月使用Diviner 2000共监测土壤水分20次。结果表明:(1)坡地土壤水分含量时间变化趋势一致,大体随着降雨波动的变化而变化。(2)土壤水分随坡位变化而变化,水平阶上坡位<中坡位,缓坡中坡位<下坡位。(3)坡面土壤水分整体随深度的增加而增加,水土保持工程措施可有效改善土壤水分状况,微地形主要影响>30 cm的土层,不同微地形土壤水分含量表现为水平阶>缓坡>陡坡>陡坎,水平阶土壤水分显著高于其他微地形(P<0.05)。(4)冗余分析结果显示,微地形是影响坡面土壤水分异质性的主控因素,相对贡献率达81.2%,微地形因素减弱了海拔和坡位对土壤水分含量的影响。该研究可为土石山区生态恢复对水文水资源影响评估提供科学依据。

    Abstract:

    To understand the temporal and spatial distribution and variation of slope soil water in different microtopography. In this study, the Beijing Jiufeng National Forest Park slope forest was taken as the research object. Based on detailed investigation, 30 soil water observation points that with 10 cm intervals were arranged on the slope of 40 m×50 m, and the observation depth ranges from 50 to 70 cm. We conducted a total of 20 soil water observations from April 2015 to October 2015. The results showed that:(1) Slope soil water has the same temporal change trend, and it generally changes with the fluctuation of the rainfall. (2) The soil water changed with the change of the slope position, for horizontal step, the upper slope position < the middle slope position; for gentle slope, the middle slope position < the down slope position. (3) The overall slope soil water content increased with soil depth. Soil and water conservation engineering measures could effectively improve the soil water status. The microtopography mainly affected the soil layer larger than 30 cm.Soil water content of different microtopography was shown as: level bench > gentle slope > steep slope > scarp, soil water content of level bench was significantly higher than that of other microtopography (P<0.05). (4) Redundant analysis results showed that microtopography was the main factor affecting soil water content, with relative contribution rates of 81.2%. Microtopography factors weakened the influence of altitude and slope position on soil water content. This study could provide a basis for the assessment of the impact of ecological restoration of rocky mountainous areas on hydrology and water resources.

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梁潇瑜, 信忠保, 王志杰.北京土石山区坡面土壤水分动态及其对微地形的响应[J].水土保持学报,2022,36(3):94~99

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  • 收稿日期:2021-11-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-05-27
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