The purpose of this study was to investigate the soil erosion process on the riverbank and establish the prediction models. Under the conditions of four slope gradients and two rainfall intensities, artificial simulated splash erosion test and micro area simulated rainfall test were carried out on typical riverbank in coastal plain sandy soil area of Jiangsu Province, so as to understand the characteristics of soil splash erosion, clarify the production process of runoff and sediment. The estimation models of splash erosion rate, runoff intensity and sediment yield intensity were established using the transfer function method. The results showed that:(1) The soil splash erosion rate on the riverbank increased with the increasing of rainfall intensity and slope gradient. There was a linear relationship between soil splash erosion rate and rainfall intensity and slope gradient. (2) The runoff production process on the riverbank generally showed a trend of increasing first and then fluctuating and stabile, and the runoff production intensity decreased with the increasing of slope gradient. In general, the sediment yield process increased rapidly first and then decreased with fluctuation, and finally tended to be stable. The sediment yield intensity increased with the increasing of slope gradient. The intensity of runoff and sediment both increased with the increasing of rainfall intensity. (3) The equation established by transfer function had high accuracy in predicting splash erosion rate, runoff intensity and sediment yield intensity, and the adjustment R2 of the equation could reach 0.97, 0.91 and 0.72, respectively. The results could deepen the understanding of the law of soil erosion on riverbank in plain area of Jiangsu Province, and provide a theoretical basis for establishing soil erosion prediction model and soil erosion control.