Through the analysis of soil moisture data at 77 sites in Gansu Province from 10 to 100 cm, the purpose of this study was to reveal the differences in soil bulk density, field water capacity, and wilting pointunder different soil textures in different climate regions, and to evaluate the applicability and promotion of the observed data. The results showed that the soil bulk densities ranged from 0.89 to 1.79 g/cm³, with an average of 1.36 g/cm³. There was a significant difference between the bulk density of top soil and deep soil. The bulk densities of shallow soils in semi-humid areas and semi-arid areas were more likely to be disturbed by the external environment and human activities. The field water holding capacity in most area was increasing from northwest to southeast, with the maximum of 36%~40% in the 10-50 cm soil layer in the alpine humid area. The difference in field water holding capacity between 10 and 20 cm soil layers was small, with a correlation coefficient (0.96), which was quite different from other layers, the 50 cm soil layer was likely to be the boundary layer of soil field water holding capacity. The maximum wilting point of each soil layer appeared in the arid area of the cold temperate zone and the middle of the alpine semi-arid and semi-humid area. The field water holding capacity and the wilting point of different layers were extremely significantly correlated. Most parts of Gansu Province are mainly loam, in addition, the arid area is mainly sandy loam soil, the semi-arid area is dominated by sandy loam and clay loam, and the semi-humid area by silt loam and clay loam.