The purpose of this study was to evaluate the composting efficiency and product fertilizer efficiency of agricultural wastes from different sources and provide the basis for the production of high-quality organic fertilizer. Six kinds of animal manure and seven kinds of plant agricultural wastes were selected as raw materials, and 13 composting treatments were set up to compare the differences of temperature, pH, C/N, humic acid, nutrients and the effects of composting products on the growth of Pakchoi. The results showed that the aerobic fermentation composting could meet the requirements of maturity after 45 days under the conditions of animal and plant material mass ratio of 7∶3, C/N ratio of 25∶1, moisture content of 55%~60%. Among them, TOP4 (peanut bran) and TOM1 (cow dung) treatments had the fastest temperature rise in the process of maturity, TOP1 (soybean meal), TOP3 (rapeseed cake), TOM1 (cow dung) and TOM3 (rabbit dung) treatments had the lowest C/N ratio and the most thorough maturity; TOP1, TOP4, TOM3 and TOM5 (chicken dung) treatments had the highest total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and ammonium nitrate nitrogen, and the total nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was more than 8.9%. The pot experiment of different compost products showed that P4, 5 and M2, 3, 4 treatments significantly improved the quality of pakchoi and reduced the nitrate content compared with CF (equal nitrogen fertilizer). M5 (chicken manure) significantly increased the soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C of pakchoi, and significantly increased the nitrate content of Pakchoi. To sum up, the decomposition efficiency of peanut bran and rabbit manure, as composting materials, was fast, and their nutrients contents were high, composting products significantly promoted the growth of Pakchoi.