In order to explore the spatial effects of different hedgerow patterns on soil physical and chemical properties and soil erodibility, this study took Zhangjiachong Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station in Zigui County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as the research area, and selected the economic woodland plot (H1) and agricultural land plot (H3) as the control plot of "hedgerow and economic woodland plot" (H2) and "hedgerow and farmland plot" (H4) respectively. The soil physical and chemical properties were compared and analyzed in three slope positions (up, middle and down slope) and two soil layers (0-20 and 20-40 cm). The results showed that:(1) In the same plot, the spatial variations of soil mechanical composition and soil nutrient content were obvious, and the difference was significant (p<0.05). The soil mechanical composition was mainly composed of sand (59.01%~63.51%) and distributed in the upper slope, while the soil fine particles mainly distributed in the middle and lower slopes. The soil nutrients in 0-40 cm soil layer were downhill > middle slope > upper slope, and the average content of total potassium was 3.75%~19.61% higher than that of the control plot. (2) In different plots, the contents of soil fine particles and soil nutrients in hedgerow plot was higher than those in non hedgerow plot, and the proportion of soil fine particles was as follows:H4 plot (39.94%) > H2 plot (38.92%) > H1 plot (38.34%) > H3 plot (37.84%). There was a negative relationship between the K values of soil erodibility and the fine particles contents. The larger proportion of soil fine particles, the smaller the K value, the more difficult soil erosion occurred. The soil of H4 was less likely to be eroded than that of H2. (3) With the increase of soil organic matter, clay, total nitrogen and total potassium contents, soil erosion resistance could be effectively enhanced. Soil erodibility K value of soil erodibility was significantly positively and negatively correlated with silt and clay (correlation coefficients were 1.000, -0.708), but not with sand, organic matter, total nitrogen and total potassium (p>0.05).