The typical black soil areas of Jilin Province were studied under corn, paddy, orchard, forests and vegetable fields. We used the indoor cultivation method to study the morphological transformation characteristics of nitrogen in black soil with different land use patterns. The application of nitrogen fertilizer increased the contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in black soil with different land use patterns. The difference of ammonium nitrogen contents was not significant, but the difference of nitrate nitrogen contents was significant. For the urea treatment, the contents of nitrate nitrogen S2 (129.82 mg/kg) and C2 (138.01 mg/kg) were significantly higher than those of G2 (111.89 mg/kg) and D2 (105.35 mg/kg). The nitrate nitrogen content of Y2 (126.92 mg/kg) was significantly higher than that of D2. The analysis of the treatment of diammonium phosphate showed: The order of the nitrate nitrogen content of each soil was C3 (160.23 mg/kg) > Y3(150.00 mg/kg) > S3(140.12 mg/kg) > G3(133.45 mg/kg) > D3(126.70 mg/kg). The nitrate nitrogen content of C3 and Y3 was significantly higher than those of G3 and D3. Moreover, soil net mineralization rate and net nitrification rate were significantly negatively correlated with soil C/N, soil microbial biomass carbon, and soil microbial biomass nitrogen. During the whole cultivation period, the order of the average NMR of Y, G, C and D soils were as follows treatment 1 > treatment 2 > treatment CK. The average NMR of S soils were in the order of treatment 2 > treatment 1 > treatment CK. The average NR of Y, G and D soils were in the order of treatment 1 > treatment 2 > CK treatment, and the average NR of S and C soils were in the order of treatment 2 > treatment 1 > treatment CK. These results showed that the physical and chemical properties of the soil had an important influence on the characteristics of nitrogen conversion in black soil.