In this experiment, the wolfberry field under different ditch and ridge measures in Delingha wolfberry production area of Qinghai Province was used as the research object, and the uncovered flat wolfberry field was used as a control (CK). Based on the analysis of rainfall characteristics in the area, the effect of furrow-ridge mulching with different furrow-ridge ratios (30:32 cm, 24:32 cm, 18:32 cm, 12:32 cm) on soil moisture content, yield, and water use efficiency of Chinese wolfberry was studied. The results showed that:(1) In the test area with annual rainfall less than 300 mm, the soil moisture content, yield, and water use efficiency of the plantations with different furrow-ridge ratios were significantly higher than those of the uncovered flat planting. Compared with CK, the best treatment GLBc (furrow-ridge ratio 18:32 cm) in improving yield and saving water increased yield by 60.14%, reduced water consumption by 7.47%, and increased water use efficiency by 72.46%. (2) As the decrease of furrow width, the soil moisture content, yield, and water use efficiency all firstly increased and then decreased, and maximized when the furrow-ridge ratio was 18:32 cm. When the furrow width was 18 cm, the water use efficiency of Chinese wolfberry was 40.0%, 8.5%, and 9.2% higher than those when furrow width was 30, 24, and 12 cm, respectively. (3) Regression analysis of furrow width and wolfberry yield showed that when the furrow-ridge ratio was 17:32 cm, the yield of wolfberry reached a maximum of 1 503 kg/hm². Therefore, in the main wolfberry production areas of Qinghai, furrow-ridge mulching could significantly increase the yield and water use efficiency of wolfberry compared with traditional planting. At the same time, in combination with the current status of the local furrow-ridge ratio, reduce the furrow width to 17 cm which is the furrow-ridge ratio of 17:32 cm, would achieve the highest output, the smallest evapotranspiration, and the highest water use efficiency. The results of this study have guiding significance for improving the water use efficiency and yield of Chinese wolfberry, and provide scientific reference for the efficient utilization of agricultural water resources in arid areas.