Soil erosion is one of the important environmental problems in the Dianchi Lake Basin. It is helpful for the implementation and improvement of water and soil conservation to grasp the temporal and spatial characteristics of soil erosion sensitivity in Dianchi basin. Taking rainfall, DEM, soil type and Landsat Image as data sources, four factors including rainfall, soil, slope length and steepness, and vegetation coverage were selected to establish a soil erosion sensitivity evaluation system which apply to basin, such as Dianchi Lake Basin. The results showed that the sensitivity of soil erosion in Dianchi Lake Basin was mainly mildly and moderately sensitive. In the spatial distribution, the mildly sensitive areas were mainly distributed around Dianchi Lake. The moderately sensitive areas were mainly distributed in the mountainous areas with steep terrain. In terms of the temporal change, the sensitivity of soil erosion in the Dianchi Lake Basin declined during 1999-2014. The area of mildly sensitive areas increased by 20.18%, the area of moderately sensitive areas decreased by 20.31%, and the increase of mildly sensitive areas originated from the transformation of moderately sensitive areas, which were distributed in the northwest and southeast of Dianchi Lake Basin. Among the soil erosion sensitivity impact factors, rainfall was a key factor affecting soil erosion sensitivity in Dianchi Lake Basin. The spatial-temporal changes of soil sensitivity in the Dianchi Lake Basin were studied, and the areas prone to soil erosion in the Dianchi Lake Basin were identified, which contributed to the implementation of soil and water conservation measures, ecological management and land use optimization in this area.