The physiochemical properties and nutrient contents in wetland soils and sediments in the Linfen segment of Fenhe River were explored, the soil status was assessed, and the ecoenvironmental quality of water was predicted. Totally 98 samples of soils and sediments were collected, and 11 indices including physiochemical properties and nutrients were analyzed. It was found the soil pH was 7.0~8.4, bulk density was 1.04~1.44 g/cm³, water content was 5.9%~17.5%, conductivity was 0.167~0.747 mS/cm, and soil texture types included loam clay and clay loam. The contents of organic matter, total N, total P, alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P, and available K were 8.7~39.8, 0.354~1.046, 0.389~1.444 g/kg, 12.9~50.3, 2.6~31.2, and 86.4~329.2 mg/kg, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the indices of soils and sediments were significantly correlated with physical properties and textures respectively. Moreover, organic matter, total N, alkali-hydrolyzable N, and available K were correlated pairwise. Nutrient evaluation showed organic matter, total P and available P were at grade 4, total N was within grade 3 and 6, alkali-hydrolyzable N was at grade 5 and 6, and available K was at grade 2 and 3. The organic pollution degree of sediments was assessed as moderate, and the comprehensive pollution degree was evaluated as severe.