In order to reveal the typical soil splash erosion characteristics of slope farmland in Low Mountain and Hilly Region of Western Liaoning Province, cinnamon soil and brown soil were selected as the research objects, and the differences of splash erosion between the two soils were studied by artificial simulated rainfall experiment. The results showed that there were great differences in splash erosion, net splash erosion and total splash erosion in different directions between cinnamon soil and brown soil. The splash erosion rate of brown soil decreased and tended to be stable with the increasing rainfall duration under different rainfall intensities; the changes of splash erosion rate of cinnamon soil with rainfall duration could be divided into four stages:slow growth stage, rapid growth stage, rapid decline stage and relative stably stage. The critical value of rainfall duration for completing migration of small particles in cinnamon soil and brown soil were 20~25 min and 10~15 min, respectively, which was consistent with the critical values of rainfall duration for splash erosion rate, net splash erosion rate and total splash erosion rate with different directions. The uphill splash erosion rate, downhill splash erosion rate, net splash erosion rate and total splash erosion rate of cinnamon soil were significantly quadratic polynomial relationship correlated with rainfall duration, while significantly logarithmic for brown soil.