Abstract:Wind erosion is a serious problem in agricultural regions of Northeastern China,where a north continental monsoon climate is prevalent and land is prepared for seeding using conventional cultivation ways such as ridge tillage or no tillage method. Affected by wind erosion, many studies reported the effect of tillage methods and coverage types on soil wind erosion,and pointed out that soil fine particles and nutrients (i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus) of top soil lose seriously by wind erosion, which have negative impacts on agricultural production and environment. Generally, wind erosion was affected by wind speed,soil water content,soil texture,and even the land cover types (like standing residues and flat residues) after harvest during wind season. Moreover, conservation tillage like no tillage or residue cover, could reduce soil wind erosion effectively on farmland. However, differences between black soil and aeolian sandy soil with different tillage and cover methods, especially in soil particles distribution and nutrient contents of wind erosion sediments, were unknown. Field experiments were conducted with ridge tillage and no tillage on farmland of three typical cover methods (no residue cover, remain standing residues and flat residues) on black soil and aeolian sandy soil in Northeastern China from April to June in 2016 and 2017. The soil particle distribution, organic matter, total nitrogen and phosphorus of wind erosion sediments were measured. Our results showed that the amount of wind erosion significantly decreased with increasing height; it was the highest at 0-10 cm and accounted for more than 50%, while it was closed to zero above 40 cm. The sediments from black soil were significantly lower than that from sandy soil. Furthermore, the amount of wind erosion of aeolian sandy soil was 168 folds than that in black soil at 0-100 cm in the same farming methods. In terms of tillage methods, the amount of sediments of no tillage were reduced by 66.0% to 94.1% as compared with ridge tillage, which indicated that no tillage could greatly decrease wind erosion. Apart from tillage types, flat residues can also reduce wind erosion obviously. Compared with no flat residues, the amount of sediment was reduced more than 90.3% by remain standing residues and flat residues during the spring. Affected by the wind erosion, the organic matter content of sediments was increased by 73.3%~85.8%, and even the soil particle distribution and nutrients of sediments lose seriously. The results of model analysis with RWEQ were verified by the results of our experiments, and the wind erosion modulus of RTNF (ridge tillage with no flat residues) was 181.7 to 86 582.9 t/(km2·a),however it was only 9.89 t/(km2·a) in NTF treatment (no tillage with flat residues). Our experiments indicated that remained stubble and residue cover management were effective ways to prevent soil wind erosion, while the ridge tillage and no residues can result in severe erosion and nutrients. It is, therefore, essential to pay high attention to the ridge tillage and no cover cultivate methods and adjust tillage and cover methods in Northeastern China.