In order to study the characteristics of typical soil splash erosion on slope farmland in low mountain and hilly region of western Liaoning Province, taking cinnamon soil as research object, the effects of rainfall characteristics and slope on splash erosion were studied by artificial rainfall simulation experiments. The results showed that with the increase of rainfall intensities, the splash erosion of 5° and 10° increased from 6.86 g/cm and 8.13 g/cm to 14.21 g/cm and 16.00 g/cm, respectively, with an increase range of 48.47% to 209.81%. The splash erosion with different splash distance was 0~5 cm > 5~10 cm > 10~15 cm > 15~20 cm > 20~25 cm. The splash erosion with splash distance at 0~5 cm with 75 mm/h was 7.29 g/cm, accounting for 45.56% of the total splash erosion (16.00 g/cm) in the range of 0~25 cm, and splash erosion with splash distance at 20~25 cm was only 9.88%. The splash erosion had a good exponential relationship with rainfall intensity and splash distance, and the determinant coefficient of the regression equation was above 0.8. With the extension of rainfall time, the splash erosion increased gradually, while the growth rate of splash erosion decreased. The growth rate of splash erosion was the largest when the rainfall duration increased from 5 min to 10 min. The splash erosion had a good exponential relationship with rainfall duration, and the determinant coefficient of the regression equation was above 0.9. Spatial distribution of splash aggregates changed with the changes of rainfall intensities. The splash distance of each diameter aggregate increased with the increasing rainfall intensities. The splash distance of 2~5 mm aggregate increased from 0~5 cm at 30 mm/h to 0~15 cm at 75 mm/h. Splash distance and splash erosion of small size aggregates were larger than that of large size aggregates. Splash aggregates were dominated by <1 mm aggregate, and >5 mm aggregate did not migrate. The total splash erosion, upslope erosion, downslope erosion, and net splash erosion of 5° with 75 mm/h were 14.21, 3.54, 10.67, and 7.13 g/cm, respectively, and which of 10° were 16.00, 3.85, 12.15, and 8.30 g/cm. Compared with 5°, the splash erosion of 10° increased by 12.60%, 8.76%, 13.87% and 16.41% respectively. The splash erosion on downslope was larger than that of upslope splash erosion.