Abstract:This research was conducted to explore the effects of new tillage and fertilization methods on soil water, phosphorus (P) spatial dynamic distribution, P uptake and utilization, and maize yield. In 2016-2017, three treatments of tillage and fertilization methods were designed, including T1 (no-tillage + upper NPK), T2 (subsoiling + whole layer NPK), T3 (application of N, P, K fertilizers to designated soil depth with subsoiling). The results showed that compared with T1, the total P accumulations of T2 and T3 in the mature period were increased by 15.9% and 21.2% respectively.The production efficiencies, apparent utilization rates and agronomic efficiencies of T2 and T3 were increased by 14.5%, 11.0%, 84.5% respectively. Compared with T2, the production efficiency, apparent utilization rate and agronomic efficiency of T3 were enhanced by 8.4%, 11.6% and 47.8% respectively. Compared with T1, the soil water contents of T2 and T3 were both improved by 6.6%. The available P of T3, in which P fertilizer was applied to the deeper soil layer, was increased by 10.2 mg/kg than T1, effectively increasing the available P content in the 20-40 cm soil layer. Maize yields of T2 and T3 were increased by 11.7% and 22.6% respectively compared with T1. Maize yield in T3 was increased by 9.7% compared with T2. Therefore, the new tillage and fertilization method could improve the water retention performance of deep soil, increase the available P in the lower layer of the soil, then promote the P absorption of maize, increase the P fertilizer use efficiency, resulting in the enhanced maize yield and the reduced soil water and P nutrition losses.