By the methods of space instead of time, the erosion process and characteristics of different vegetation method under simulated rainstorm condition in typical red soil region were explored. In the experiment, 1.5 mm/min rainfall intensity was designed. The reconstruction of inefficient forests (R1), the shrub-grass structure(R2), the natural restoration(R3), with different recovery years were selected, and the contrcl plots(DZ) was selected field simulated rainfall experiments were carried out to analyze the characteristics of initial runoff time, runoff rate, erosion rate, cumulative yield discharge and infiltration rate. The results showed that: (1) The order of the initial runoff production time of the three recovery models was R2 > R1 > R3, which was prolonged with the increase of the governance years; (2) The runoff rate, erosion rate and cumulative sediment yield of the three restoration models all showed R3 > R1 > R2, and the runoff rate, erosion rate and cumulative sediment yield of R1 and R2 showed decreasing trends with the increase of treatment years; (3) Within the same recovery period, the initial infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration rate, and runoff and sediment reduction benefits of the three restoration plots all showed R2 > R1 > R3; (4) The effects of the three restoration methods and the recovery years on the erosion process were shown as R1 > R2 > R3. The relationship between cumulative sediment yield and cumulative runoff was a power function. The results provide references for revealing erosion processes under different governance methods and scientific basis for soil erosion control in typical red soil regions.