To reveal the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield on the slope of the desert steppe for long-term grazing, taking the grazing desert steppes (Inner Mongolia area) with four different intensities as the research object, and all steppe were grazing for 15 years. Indoor artificial simulated rainfall was conducted to explore the effects of grazing intensity and rainfall intensity on coupling process of runoff and sediment production on the steppe slope. The results were as follows: (1) Under the different rainfall intensities, the initial runoff time of different grazing steppe advanced with the increasing of grazing intensity, and runoff yield rates increased first and then showed a state of stability. The runoff yield rate and its fluctuating range both followed the order of heavy grazing (HG) > moderate grazing (MG) > control (CK) > light grazing (LG). The influence of rainfall intensity on runoff yield rate was greater than that of grazing intensity. The cumulative runoff yield of desert steppe was linearly related to rainfall duration and the fitting degree was higher. (2) The change of sediment production rate in desert steppe was characterized by multi-valley and multi-peak. Rainfall intensity, grazing intensity and their interaction had a significant effect on sediment production rate. Under different rainfall intensities,the sediment production rate and its fluctuating range followed the order of HG > MG > CK > LG. The relationship between total amount of sediment loss and rainfall duration fit a quadratic curve.