硅对Cd胁迫下黄瓜苗期光合及抗氧化酶系统的影响
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贾茜茹(1992-),女,山西长治人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤生态研究。E-mail:153419521@qq.com

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山西农业大学引进人才科研启动项目(XB2011017);山西坤润现代农业发展公司资助项目


Effects of Silicon on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Enzymes of Cucumber Seedling Under Cadmium Stress
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    摘要:

    为了解石灰性土壤硅对Cd胁迫下黄瓜苗期叶片的光合特性和抗氧化酶系统及对实际土壤Cd毒害植物的防治,研究了硅介入下Cd污染土壤中黄瓜苗期的叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO2Ci)等光合作用指标,叶绿素含量,丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶系统等相关参数。结果表明:与空白相比较,单施Cd处理下,PnGsTr和叶绿素含量下降,Ci提高。硅介入后,能明显提高PnGsTr和叶绿素总量,降低Ci含量。当Cd含量为5 mg/kg时,硅施加量100~200 mg/kg情况下,与空白相比,PnGsTr和叶绿素上升,Ci下降,但100 mg/kg与200 mg/kg的硅处理差异不明显,300 mg/kg的硅添加量效果最好。对于抗氧化酶系统,与空白相比较,土壤Cd含量为3~5 mg/kg时,3类抗氧化酶的活性均受到显著抑制,200~300 mg/kg硅的引入可明显提高SOD、POD、CAT活性,降低MDA值。可见,硅的引入可明显改善Cd胁迫下黄瓜叶片的光合特性和抗氧化酶系统。施用少量硅肥在石灰性土壤中对缓解植物Cd毒害具有一定的应用前景。

    Abstract:

    To study the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidative enzyme system of cucumber in calcareous soil under cadmium (Cd) stress is important for the control of Cd in plants. This paper explored the photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and intercellular CO2 (Ci) of cucumber in Cd-contaminated soil under the intervention of silicon, Chlorophyll content, changes in antioxidant enzyme systems such as MDA, SOD, POD, and CAT. The results showed that:compared with the control, Cd alone, Pn, Gs, Tr and chlorophyll content decreased, but Ci increased. However, after silicon intervention, the total amounts of Pn, Gs, Tr and chlorophyll significantly increased, and the content of Ci was reduced. For example, when the Cd content was 5 mg/kg, and the silicon application amount was 100~200 mg/kg, Pn, Gs, Tr, and chlorophyll increased, and Ci decreased, compared with the control. However, the difference between 100 and 200 mg/kg of silicon was not obvious, and the effect of 300 mg/kg of silicon was best. For the antioxidant enzyme system, compared with the control, when the soil Cd content was 3~5 mg/kg, the activities of the three antioxidant enzymes were significantly inhibited. But, the introduction of 200~300 mg/kg of silicon couldsignificantly increase the activity of SOD, POD, CAT, but decrease the MDA value. It could be concluded that application of silicon can significantly improve the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme system of cucumber leaves under Cd stress. Application of a small amount of silicon fertilizer has obvious application prospects to relieve Cd toxicity in plants.

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贾茜茹, 刘奋武, 樊文华.硅对Cd胁迫下黄瓜苗期光合及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(4):321~326

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  • 收稿日期:2018-02-09
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-08-11
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