武陵山地植烟土壤酸度特征及影响因素——以湖南省湘西自治州为例
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邓小华(1965-),男,湖南永州人,博士生导师,教授,博导,主要从事烟草科学与工程技术研究。E-mail:yzdxh@163.com

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湖南省烟草专卖局科技项目"湘西烟区土壤pH变化机制及调控技术研究与应用"(xx15-18Aa01)


Acidity Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tobacco-planting Soils in Wuling Mountains——A Case Study in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province
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    摘要:

    为了解多年种植烤烟的山地土壤酸度特征,研究了湘西自治州的土壤酸度指标特征及其关系以及植烟年限和土壤类型、有机质、黏粒对土壤酸度的影响。结果表明:(1)植烟年限对土壤酸度的影响大于土壤类型;随植烟年限增加,土壤pH下降,潜性酸度增加,黄棕壤土的交换性盐基、阳离子交换量和盐基饱和度下降。(2)土壤pH与交换性酸为幂函数关系,交换性铝是土壤交换性酸的主体,土壤交换性酸强度随交换性铝及其相对比例的增加而增加。(3)土壤pH与交换性盐基、阳离子交换量、盐基饱和度为二次曲线关系,当pH<6时,随土壤pH增加,交换性盐基和阳离子交换量下降,盐基饱和度增加;当pH>6时,随土壤pH增加,交换性盐基和阳离子交换量增加,盐基饱和度变幅小。(4)土壤交换性盐基离子主要是交换性钙,其次是交换性镁;对土壤pH影响较大的盐基离子是交换性钙。(5)有机质和黏粒主要影响土壤pH、阳离子交换量、交换性盐基和交换性钙。

    Abstract:

    In order to comprehend the acidity characteristics of mountainous soils planted tobacco for many years, the characteristics of soil acidity index and their relations were studied in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, as well as the effects of planting years, soil types, organic matter and clay on soil acidity were studied. The results were as follows:(1) The effect of tobacco planting years on soil acidity in Wuling mountain area was greater than that of soil types, and with the increasing of planting years, the soil pH, the exchangeable base cations, cation exchange capacity and base saturation of yellow-brown soil decreased, while the potential acidity increased. (2) The relationship between soil pH and exchangeable acid was a power function, and exchangeable Alex was the main body of exchangeable acid in soil, the strength of soil exchangeable acid increased with the increasing of exchangeable Alex and its relative proportion. (3) The relationship between soil pH and exchangeable base cations, cation exchange capacity and base saturation was a quadratic curve, and when the soil pH was less than 6, the exchangeable base cations and cation exchange capacity decreased with the increasing of soil pH, while the base saturation increased; when soil pH was more than 6, the exchangeable base cations and cation exchange capacity increased with the increasing of soil pH, while base saturation fluctuated slightly. (4) Soil exchangeable base ions were mainly exchangeable calcium, followed by exchangeable magnesium, and the exchangeable calcium was the most important factor influenced soil pH. (5) Soil organic matter and clay mainly affected the soil pH, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable base cations and exchangeable calcium.

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邓小华, 李源环, 周米良, 田峰, 张明发, 李海林, 石楠, 张瑶.武陵山地植烟土壤酸度特征及影响因素——以湖南省湘西自治州为例[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(4):304~309

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-02
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-08-11
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