To analyze the changes of water carrying capacity in Hanzhong City and to reflect the safety degree of water use in order to find ways and methods to improve the carrying capacity of waters. In this paper, the ecological carrying capacity of Hanzhong City is calculated and analyzed. From 2001 to 2013, the ecological carrying capacity of Hanzhong City is in a safe state, but the ecological carrying capacity index of the waters is larger and the safety degree is gradually reduced. Hantai area of ecological carrying capacity index is 0.56, in the basic safety state, the remaining counties ecological bearing capacity index of less than 0.50, is in safe condition. Among them, the Ningqiang, Lueyang, Zhenba, Liuba, Feping five counties of ecological carrying capacity index is less than 0.10; Yangxian, Xixiang, Mianxian three county of ecological carrying capacity index in 0.20～0.30,Nanzheng capacity index in 0.30～0.40, ChengGu index in 0.40～0.50. But a drop in ecological pressure increased, the ecological carrying capacity, safety degree gradually reduce the trend, suggest grassland, take next to fishery production planning, strengthen management of water ecological environment protection and strengthen the monitoring of water management measures to improve the water ecological carrying capacity.