W-OH固化剂对玉米生长及土壤养分淋失的影响
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S157.4

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水利部技术示范项目(SF-201601);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费重点项目(CKSF2017050/TB;CKSF2017028/TB);国家自然科学基金项目(41301298)


Effects of W-OH Stabilizer on Maize Growth and Soil Nutrient Leaching
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    摘要:

    采用盆栽试验,研究了不同W-OH喷施浓度(1%,3%,5%)对玉米生长及土壤养分淋失的影响。结果表明:与对照(不喷施W-OH)相比,喷施W-OH对玉米生长有促进作用,且这种作用自玉米生长中期逐渐明显。试验条件下,低、中浓度W-OH(1%和3%)更有利于玉米生长;盆栽3个月后,与对照相比,低、中浓度处理下玉米株高分别增加16%和35%,净光合速率分别增加3%和17%,气孔导度分别增加34%和79%,蒸腾速率分别为对照的2倍和3倍。降雨量对W-OH的保水作用影响不同,小雨和中雨下,3%浓度处理的渗流量最低,保水效果最显著;降雨量达到大雨及以上时,W-OH的保水作用与其喷施浓度成正比。在玉米生长初期W-OH的保肥作用与其喷施浓度成正比,随着后续降雨渗流反复淋溶,其保肥作用趋于稳定;3%和5%浓度的W-OH均能有效减少观测期的土壤养分淋失量,且以硝态氮降幅最大。研究结果为土壤固化剂在坡耕地中的应用提供理论指导。

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    A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different W-OH concentration (1%, 3% and 5%) on the maize growth and soil nutrient leaching. The results showed that W-OH could effectively promote maize growth and the effect became gradually obvious since the middle stage of maize growth. Under the current experimental conditions, the light and moderate W-OH concentrations (1% and 3%) were more beneficial to maize growth. After potting 3 months, compared with CK (without W-OH), under the light and moderate W-OH treatments, the maize height increased by 16% and 35%,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 3% and 17%,the stomatal conductance increased by 34% and 79%,and the transpiration rate increased 2 and 3 times, respectively. The precipitation had a different influence on water retention of W-OH. For light and moderate rainfall, 3% treatment had the lowest leakage, showing the most significant water retention effect. For heavy rainfall and rainstorm, the water retention effect of W-OH was positive related to its spraying concentration. The fertilizer retention effect of W-OH was positive related to its spraying concentration at the initial stage of maize growth and tended to be stable with subsequent rainfall leaching. During the observation period, both 3% and 5% treatments effectively reduced the total nutrients leaching loss, especially for nitrate nitrogen. The findings can provide scientific guidance for application of soil stabilizer in slope land.

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张冠华, 孙金伟, 牛 俊, 朱秀迪, 谢 浩, 孙宇婷. W-OH固化剂对玉米生长及土壤养分淋失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,(5):247~252

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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-10-27
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