The standard runoff plots with hedgerows of gardenia (shrubs) and ryegrass (herbaceous) were set up to study the effects of different hedgerows on soil physicochemical properties and on the characteristics of phosphorus loss in the typical lime soil slope farmland in Xiangxi River Basin of Three Gorges Reservoir area. Results showed that the hedgerows system could effectively increase the fine particles content in soil and reduce bulk density, so as to improve soil fractal characteristics. It could also enhance soil dredging and water content, and finally increase the soil corrosion resistance index Prevention and control soil nutrient loss. The effects of two hedgerows on soil physicochemical properties and phosphorus loss varied in different soil depths and different intercropping zones in the lime soil slope farmland, but the effects were not significant. The contents of Ca8-P, Al-P, Fe-P, O-P and Ca10-P in soil were significantly correlated with soil clay contents (r = 0.772, 0.805, 0.683, 0.682, 0.738). There was a significant negative correlation between soil bulk density and clay contents (r = -0.648), indicating that the hedgerows system could reduce soil bulk density and phosphorus loss through effectively blocking and enriching soil clay particles, to achieve the improvement of soil physicochemical properties and controlling of agricultural non-point source pollution in lime soil slope farmland.