Field experiment was conducted in Zhongnan hilly tea garden, and the effects of the farmers used to fertilize treatment (T1), replace the 10% chemical nitrogen or phosphorus fertilizer with organic manure (T2, T4) and organic fertilizer instead of chemical nitrogen or phosphorus fertilizer + straw covering 10% (T3 and T5) on nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient runoff erosion were explored. The results showed that compared with T1, runoff of T2 and T4 decreased by 15.4%~31.5% (P <0.05), T3 and T5 reduced by 46.8%~52.9% (P<0.01). Compared with T1, TN runoff loss of T2 and T4 decreased by 42.4% and 57.2% (P <0.05), T3 and T5 decreased by 74.7% and 74.6% (P < 0.01); Compared with T1, TDN runoff loss of T2 and T4 reduced by 18.2% and 39.2% respectively (P > 0.05), and T3 and T5 decreased by 75.6% and 74.1% (P < 0.01), and compared with T2, T4 showed extremely significant difference (P<0.01). As for NH4+-N and NO3-- N loss, there were no significance between T1 and T4 and T1 (P > 0.05), while T3 and T5 reduced by 61.5% ~ 71.9% and 78.2% ~ 71.9%, respectively (P < 0.05). Compared with T1, T2 and T4 reduced the loss of TP, but only T4 was significant (P<0.05), and TP loss of T3 and T5 reduced by 66.5% ~ 70.6% (P<0.01). In addition, TN ran off mainly through dissolved nitrogen loss (83.8% ~ 95.1%), and phosphorus ran off mainly through particle state (72.7% ~ 84.3%). Studies indicate that organic fertilizer and covering straw can effectively reduce nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss of the tea garden, and the combination effect is better, and it is of great significance to reduce the risk of non-point source pollution, and it is suitable for large area promotion.