In order to make full use of natural resources, reduce soil salinization and improve farmland productivity, this experiment took spring wheat sole cropping, maize sole cropping and sunflower sole cropping as control, the effects of spring wheat-sunflower multiple cropping on soil moisture, soil salinity and farmland productivity were investigated in Hetao irrigation district. The results showed that before spring wheat harvest, the soil moisture in 0—100 cm soil layer of spring wheat-sunflower multiple cropping and spring wheat sole cropping were lower than maize sole cropping and sunflower sole cropping. After spring wheat harvest, soil moisture in top layer of spring wheat-sunflower multiple cropping, maize sole cropping and sunflower sole cropping were higher than spring wheat sole cropping, but soil moisture in 20—80 cm soil layer were lower. Soil salinity of different cropping patterns changed drastically before spring wheat harvest, but changed gently after spring wheat harvest. Different cropping patterns had great influence on soil salinity in 0—40 cm soil layer, but had less influence on soil salinity under 40 cm soil layer. When multiple cropping sunflower harvest, top soil salinity of spring wheat-sunflower multiple cropping were lower than that of spring wheat sole cropping, maize sole cropping and sunflower sole cropping, by 32.52%, 16.70% and 24.92% respectively, and 0—100 cm soil layer soil salinity were lower by 13.32%, 8.88% and 12.07% respectively. Equivalent yields of spring wheat-sunflower multiple cropping were 126.01%, 3.86% and 3.21% respectively, higher than that of spring wheat sole cropping, maize sole cropping and sunflower sole cropping.Spring wheat-sunflower multiple cropping could reduce soil salinity, improve farmland productivity, and have a certain development prospect in Hetao irrigation district.