In order to study the adsorption behavior of lead in sediment and soil, the adsorption of Pb adsorption in sediment and soil were investigated by batch equilibrium studies according to OECD guideline 106, and the influence of the pH, organic matter and N, P concentration on adsorption process were also discussed in this study. The results showed that the adsorption isotherm of Pb was well fitted with the Temkin equation in the soil, the correlation constant were 0.925; the adsorption isotherm of Pb was well fitted with the Freundlich equation in the soil, the correlation constant were 0.971. Study showed that, Pb under the adsorption condition of 15, 25 and 35℃, with the increase of temperature, the adsorption of Pb in sediment and soil would be strengthened, ΔG＜0, ΔH＞0, revealed that the adsorption of Pb in the sediment and soil was a spontaneously endothermic process. Study showed that, under the pH condition of 3～11, the Pb adsorption quantity increased with the increase of pH, after the first increased and then to be gentled. When the pH was equal to 5, the adsorption effect was best. After removal of the organic matter the adsorption amount of Pb in sediment and soil decreased by 121.6, 87.4 mg/kg, respectively. With the increase of N, P, the adsorption amount of Pb in sediment and soil decreased, which might be due to with the carrying of N, P, the K+ was added, and it had a competitive adsorption of Pb led to reducing adsorption capacity of Pb.