辽河源不同林龄油松林水源涵养能力研究
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北京林业大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学

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林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目


Water Conservation Capacity of Pinus tabulaeformis Forests with Different Ages at Liaohe River
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Beijing Forestry University,,,Beijing Forestry University,,,,

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    摘要:

    为定量评价不同林龄油松林的水源涵养能力,采用水量平衡法和综合蓄水量法,对辽河源地区3种不同林龄油松林的降雨再分配、凋落物持水能力、土壤蓄水能力以及林分水源涵养能力进行了研究。结果表明:(1)观测期间,共观测到112次降雨,累计降雨量902.2 mm,平均降雨量8.1 mm;小雨、中雨、大雨和暴雨分别占总降雨量的25.2%、35.5%、26.4%和12.9%;(2)不同林龄油松林的林冠截留、林内降雨和树干茎流占总降雨量的比例分别为24.1%、72.9%和3%;林内降雨与林外降雨呈显著正线性关系;随着林龄的增加,林冠截留能力增加,而树干茎流先增加后减少;(3)凋落物的最大持水量、最大吸湿比和有效拦蓄量均随着林龄的增加而增加;(4)随着林龄的增加,土壤容重减小,总孔隙度增加,土壤入渗速率提高,蓄水能力增加;(5)不同林龄油松林水源涵养能力表现为成熟林>近熟林>中龄林。在不同林龄的油松林中,随着演替的进行,林分对降雨的分配与截流能力、水源涵养能力逐步增强。

    Abstract:

    To evaluate the water conservation capacity of Pinus tabulaeformis forest with different ages quantitatively, water balance method and comprehensive water storage method were used to investigate the rainfall redistribution, litter water-holding capacity, soil water storage capacity of three Pinus tabulaeformis stands with different ages in Liaohe source region. The results showed that: (1) During the observation, a total of 112 times rainfall were observed, cumulative rainfall was 902.2 mm, the average rainfall was 8.1mm; the light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain and torrential rain accounted for 25.2% 35.5%, 26.4% and 12.9% of the total rainfall, respectively. (2) The percentage of crown canopy interception, forest precipitation and sap flow of Pinus tabulaeformis forests in total rainfall were 24.1%, 72.9% and 3%; there was a significant positive linear relationship between forest precipitation inside and outside; with the increase of forest age, the capacity of crown canopy interception increased, and the sap flow increased first and then decreased; (3) The maximum moisture capacity of litter, the maximum of moisture absorption ratio and effective interception amount increased with the increase of forest age; (4) With the increase of forest age, the soil bulk density reduced, but the total porosity, soil infiltration rate and storage capacity increased; (5) The water conservation capacity of Pinus tabulaeformis forest with different ages performed : mature forest > nearly mature forest > middle-aged forest. In different aged Pinus tabulaeformis stands, the ability of rainfall distribution and retention capacity and water conservation capacity increased with the succession.

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郭梦娇,朱江,程小琴,韩海荣,康峰峰,董玲玲,赵金龙,宋小帅.辽河源不同林龄油松林水源涵养能力研究[J].水土保持学报,2016,(3):

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-28
  • 最后修改日期:2016-03-07
  • 录用日期:2016-03-15
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-06-30
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