The soil and water conservation effects of Pennisetum alopecuroide and Arundinella hirta grass hedgerows were studied by simulating rainfall under different rain intensity(22,36,63 mm/h) and slope gradients(5%,10%,15%,20%).The results showed that the runoff and sediments of the plots with Arundinella hirta hedgerows decreased by 7% to 37% and 49% to 63% respectively,and the runoff and sediments of the plots with Pennisetum alopecuroide hedgerows decreased 30% to 72% and 69% to 89% respectively.It is indicated that the runoff and soil erosion were significant reduced by Arundinella hirta and Pennisetum alopecuroide grass hedgerows,and the decreased degree of Pennisetum alopecuroide hedgerow was higher than Arundinella hirta.In addition,grass hedgerow,rain intensity and slope gradients were significant correlated to runoff and soil erosion by multiple regressions.Among those factors,the grass hedgerows were the dominated factor that control runoff and soil erosion.