The effect of long-term fertilizer on total P,valid P,year-and-profile P composition,the property of P absorption and desorption of the soil,the index of P requirement of the soil,and so on,were studied,with the soil treated by CK,N,NPK,NPKM,NPKS,M in the long-term fertility-assessed experiment.The results showed that: both the long-term application of chemical phosphate and chemical fertilizer plus organic fertilizer can heighten the amount of total P,valid P.In treatments applied with organic fertilizer only and chemical fertilizer plus organic fertilizer,the accumulation of Ca-P and Al-P was the main form of P composition changing in soil,chemical phosphate can increase the content of total P in soil,the increasing-range of Al-P were the most in inorganic P composition,the O-P of soil was stable relatively in all treatments.With the time extending,the increasing of higher-validity Ca-P,Al-P became the trait of P composition changing.The effect of applying on topsoil was the most,and on deep soil relatively weaker,long-term application of phosphate and organic fertilizer can prompt P moving to substratum and increase P content in the deep soil.The strength of soil absorbing external P in treatments of NPKM,M was lower obviously than that in treatments of NPK,NPKS,CK and N,organic fertilizer can advance the reusing of P-absorbed,there was 47.72% P-desorbed in P-absorbed in the treatment NPKM,42.89% in M,and less than 8% in CK,N,NPK and NPKS.The PFI of treatments MNPK and M respectively was 2.51 and 2.69,obviously less than 4.53 and 4.37 of treatments N and NP.