黄土高原沟壑区苹果园土壤重金属含量特征研究
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S661.1;X131.3

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国家科技支撑计划;中国科学院农业项目;农业部保护性耕作创新项目;中国科学院科研基金


Research on Soil Heavy Metal Contents of Apple Orchard in Gully Region of Loess Plateau
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    摘要:

    以黄土高原沟壑区的苹果园为研究对象,对6~36 a苹果园土壤重金属含量状况进行研究,结果发现,该区苹果园的高投入种植管理模式,能够影响重金属在土壤中的迁移与富集,使土壤重金属含量发生明显变化.土壤Cu含量随树龄增加而增加,20 a以上的土壤-果树系统对土壤Cu的输入与输出趋于平衡,Cu含量变化不大,且耕层土壤Cu含量较高.Cr含量随树龄线性递增,36 a果园0~20 cm,20~40 cm和40~60 cm 土层Cr含量分别比6 a果园增加27.14%,17.09%和19.17%.Cd含量随树龄增加先增加后减少,长期大量施用磷肥是土壤Cd的主要来源,果园生态系统深层土壤Cd含量的峰值比耕层提前出现.Pb含量以15~26 a果园含量最高,树龄<15 a和>26 a时Pb含量较低.Hg含量则以15 a为转折点,在不同土层上呈现出不同的变化趋势.As含量在树龄<15 a时逐渐降低,15~20 a时逐渐增加,20 a以后果园土壤As含量趋于不变,且各土层之间差异不显著.

    Abstract:

    The study on soil heavy metal content of apple orchard in gully region of the loess plateau showed that high input and different apple tree ages have an obviously effect on soil heavy metal content and its migration.The soil Cu content increases along with the tree age increases.The input and output of soil Cu tends to be balance when the apple tree have planted more than 20 years,and the Cu content change is very small,and the topsoil Cu content is higher than the other soil layers.The soil Cr content increases progressively along with the tree age in a line,in 0~20 cm,20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layer of 36 year orchard,Cr content increased by 27.14%,17.09% and 19.17% compared to the 6 year orchard,respectively.The soil Cd content increased firstly,and then reduced.The main origin of soil Cd is the phospate fertilizer iuput.In deep soil layer of apple orchard,the Cd content peak appears ahead of time than that in the topsoil.Soil Pb content is higher in 15~26 year apple orchard.Take 15 year as a turning point,soil Hg content change present different tendency on the different soil layers.Soil As content reduced when the tree age was little than 15 year,and it increased when the tree age was between 15 year and 20 year,and it changed a little after planted 20 years.The change of As content between soil layers was not significantly.

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李丽霞,郝明德,薛晓辉,刘东斌,吴庆才.黄土高原沟壑区苹果园土壤重金属含量特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2007,(6):65~69

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  • 最后修改日期:2007-11-01
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