The plot experiment of 11 land use types include 3 herb land, 3 shrub land, 4 arbor land and 1 farmland at Ansai soil and water conservation research station in loess hilly region were observed. Runoff datum and runoff and sediment nutrition content were analyzed in order to research the influence of different land use types on soil erosion and nutrition care effect. The obtained results showed that the mean runoff amount of herb land use type was 1 248 m^3/km^2, shrub was 843 m^3/km^2, arbor was 2 079 m^3/km^2, farmland was 10 672 m^3/km^2,t he mean sediment amount of herb land use type was 4.6 t/km^2, shrub was 1.0 t/km^2, arbor was 2.6 t/km^2, farmland was 169. 5 t/km^2, the mean runoff N amount of arbor land use type was 5.68 kg/km^2, shrub was 3.32 kg/km^2,herb was 2.49 kg/km2, farmland was 10. 80 kg/km^2, the mean runoff P2O5 amount of arbor land use type was 0. 29 kg/km^2, shrub was 0. 22 kg/km^2, herb was 0. 17 kg/km^2 Farmland was 0. 49 kg/km^2. The mean sediment N amount of arbor land use type was 2.69 kg/km^2, shrub was 1.18 kg/km^2,herb was 7.51 kg/ km^2, farmland was 139.95 kg/km^2. The mean runoff P2O5 amount of arbor land use type was 1.51 kg/km^2, shrub was 0. 54 kg/km^2, herb was 2.78 kg/km^2, farmland was 259.25 kg/km^2 So the herb and shrub vegetation should be rehabilitated and developed quickly in order to decrease soil erosion in loess hilly region. On the other hand, the arbor, shrub, herb land use types have good nutrition care effect compare with farmland.