Soil physical and chemical characteristic, soil nutrient contents, soil enzyme activity, soil microbes distribution and forest growth of tree diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height and single tree volume of continuous cropping poplar plantation, were investigated along Shu river in Ju County in Shandong. Result showed that, with the planting generation increased, tree height, DBH and log volume decreased. By means of multiple comparisons, it was found that the differences among tree height, DBH and log volume of three generations were different, significantly. With the generation increased, soil volume weight increased, while soil pH value decreased, water-holding capacity of capillary and hole degree of capillary have no law. Compaired with the 2nd generation plantation, besides Mn and Fe, all the other mineral elements, such as available N, P, K trace-element Cu and Zn in top soil layer decreased dramatically. Soil urea enzyme, polyphenol oxidase enzyme, peroxide enzyme decreased with the planting generation increased, while the hydrogen enzyme increased. Continuous cropping has a notable effect on the quantity of microbe of poplar population, and with the generation increased, the quantity of the soil bacterium, fungi and actinomyces decreased obviously.