Urban surface runoff is the second pollution source affecting the urban aquatics environment; meanwhile, it is also the second heavy contamination source, which only less than agricultural runoff, in the non-point pollution source. The pollution of urban surface runoff has recently received much urgent attention with the increasing treatment of point pollution source such as the industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. The course, characteristic, influencing factors, category of the contaminants, and their sources were discussed in detail, the minimization of the contamination of urban surface runoff were suggested from the quantities of runoff and from the full process of discharges of contaminants in the runoff.